Football

Football - a team sport in which the goal is to hit the ball the opponent's greatest number of times. Currently the most popular and widespread sport in the world.
Game similar to modern football there for a long time and in different nations, however, the first written rules date back to 1848. Football is the birth date of 1863, when it was first organized football federation and written rules, similar to modern ones.
Rules 

The first rules were written as "Rules of the very simple game," since the organization IFAB engaged in the development of rules tends to preserve this principle and make the football spectacular and safer. Current regulations at 17 points, fully describing what should be done by marking the football field, to punish the players for being rude. Ha execution of rules in the field during the following urbi team of arbitrators.
Gameplay
A single football game is called - a match which in turn consists of two halves of 45 minutes. Pause-time interval of 15 minutes, during which teams of rest, and at its end change ends.
Football is played on a field with grass or synthetic surfaces. The game involves two teams in each of 7 to 11 people. One person in the team (goalkeeper) can play a hand in the penalty area at the gate, his main task is to protect the gate. Other players also have their tasks and positions on the field. Defenders - located mainly in their half of the field, their task - to counteract the offensive player of the opposing team. Midfielders - are in the middle of the field, their role - to help the defenders or attackers, depending on the game situation. Forwards - located mainly in half of the field rival, the main task - to score goals.
The purpose of the game - get the ball into the goal of the enemy, make it as a lot of time and try to keep goal into his own net. Match won by the team scoring the greater number of goals.
In the event that during the two halves teams scoring the same number of goals, either fixed or draw the winner is revealed according to the established rules match. In this case, can be assigned to extra time - two halves of 15 minutes each. As a rule, between the main and extra time the match commands given a break. Between the halves of additional time the teams are given time only to change sides. Previously, there were rules in football, which declared the winner of the team, the first goal or zabivshuyu winning at the end of any of the additional period is better. At the moment the extra time or not played at all, or played in full (2 halves of 15 minutes). If during extra time winner can not be identified, is a series of penalties that are not part of the match. Series is as long as there is no winner revealed.

Basketball

Basketball - Sports team play with the ball. In basketball played by two teams, each consisting of five players. The goal of each team - to throw the ball in his hands with a ring net (basket) the opponent and prevent the other team take the ball and throw it in their korzinu.Korzina is at a height of 3.05 meters from the floor (10 feet). From each team on the court is located on 5 people, only 12 people team, the replacement is not limited. A goal in the near and middle distance, scored 2 points, with distance (due to the three-point line) - 3 points. Free throw is estimated at one point. The standard size of a basketball court 28 meters long and 15 meters wide. Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the world.

 A Brief History.
In winter 1891 college students of the Youth Christian Association of Springfield, Mass., forced to perform endless gymnastic exercises, which were considered at that time almost the only way to involve young people in sport, it was very boring for physical education classes. Uniformity of such employment was necessary to urgently put an end to, make them fresh impetus, which was capable to satisfy competitive needs strong and healthy young people.
Exit the seemingly dead-end situation found modest college instructor named James Naismith. December 1, 1891 he tied two baskets of peaches from the railing to the gym and by dividing the eighteen students into two teams, invited them to play, the meaning of which boiled down to, to throw more balls into the opponents' basket. The foundation was laid. Could Dr. Naismith then suggest what a great future for his child?
The idea of ​​this game he was born during his school years, when children played in the old game «duck-on-a-rock». The meaning of this popular, while the game was: throwing a small stone, it was necessary to hit them top of another stone, larger in size.
A pragmatic called "Basketball» (basket - basket, ball - a ball) game, of course, are only remotely resembled a magical spectacle, which is known to us under this name today. Dribbling is not there, the players just threw it to each other, standing on the spot, and then tried to throw in a basket, with only two hands from below or from the chest, and after a successful throw one of the players to climb the ladder put to the wall and removed the ball from the basket . From a modern point of view of the teams would seem to us sluggish and inhibited, but to Dr. Naismith was a game it is a collective, which could involve a lot of time involved, and this problem is consistent with his invention to the full.
And of course the basic rules.
Initially, the rules of basketball were formulated by James Naismith American and consisted of only 13 points. Over time, the basketball changed, changes in demand and regulations. The first international rules were adopted in 1932, at the first Congress of FIBA, after they repeatedly adjusted and changed, the last major changes were made in 1998 and 2004.
Since 2004, the rules remain unchanged. Game rules are slightly different in the NBA championships and held under the auspices of FIBA ​​(World Championships, Olympic Games, Continental Championships, international and national championship of the European clubs)
In basketball played by two teams, usually of twelve men from each of them simultaneously at the site has five players. The goal of each team in basketball - to throw the ball into the opponent's basket and to prevent the other team take the ball and throw it in the basket of his team.
The ball is played only with hands. Run with the ball, not hitting them on the floor, deliberately hitting him with his foot, to block any part of the leg or hitting him with his fist is a violation. Accidental contact is touching the ball or the foot or leg is not a violation.
The winner in basketball is a team that at the end of playing time scored more points. With a tie score at the end of regular time is assigned extra time (usually five minutes of extra time), if and after the account will be equal, a second and the third overtime, etc., as long as there is no winner revealed the match.
For one hit the ball in the ring can be counted a different number of points:

    1 point - throw from the foul line

    2 points - throw medium or close range (within three-point line)

    3 points - throw for three-point line for a distance of 6m 75smIgra officially begins a jump ball in the center circle when the ball is legally tapped by a jumper. A match consists of four periods of ten minutes at intervals of two minutes. Length of the break between the second and third quarters of games - and fifteen minutes. After a long break the team shall exchange baskets. The game can go on the open ground and in the hall with a minimum height of 7 m. The field size - 28h15 m. The shield size 180h105 cm from the bottom edge of the shield to the floor or ground shall be 290 cm Cart is a metal ring covered with a grid without a bottom. It is fixed at a distance of 0.15 m from the lower trim panel. Established standards for the FIBA ​​men's competitions circle ball - 74,9-78 cm, weight - 567-650 g (for female respectively 72,4-73,7 cm and 510-567 g).

History of Sports

I'm pretty sure that it is impossible to say exactly when and originated as a sport. Since exercise can be called any exercises that make a person knowingly and either to warm up, or for training. The important thing, that whatever sport was not, it's always active pastime, this is always a charge of vivacity and energy of joy. After all, what better sport for charging or playing outdoors, with friends, where the predominant spirit of rivalry, intrigue and interest.

Whatever sport you are not attracted, if you start playing sports, then it is left in your heart for a lifetime and the most important thing to always remember that to give an hour a day or two days, not so difficult, but it again and again you will be immersed in a world where you cozy, comfortable and where you feel part of something big.

I wish you all and always remember about the sport, to engage them and be in good spirit and good health!